Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

von: Felipe Bravo, Valerie LeMay, Robert Jandl, Klaus von Gadow

Springer-Verlag, 2008

ISBN: 9781402083433

Sprache: Englisch

333 Seiten, Download: 4757 KB

Format: PDF, auch als Online-Lesen

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Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

	Foreword	6
	Contents	8
	Part I Introduction	11
	Introduction	12
	1 Forest Management and Climate Change	12
	2 Mitigation Through Adaptive Forest Management	14
	3 Monitoring and Adaptive Management	15
	4 Research	16
	5 Organization of This Book	17
	References	18
	Part II Overview of Climate Change and Forest Responses	21
	A Mechanistic View of the Capacity of Forests to Cope with Climate Change	22
	1 Introduction	22
	2 The Complexity of Climate Change and of Its Effects	24
	3 Climate Change and Tree Physiology	29
	4 Climate Change, Phenotypic Plasticity and Rapid Evolution	35
	5 Scaling Up to the Community: Species Interactions	37
	6 The Challenge of Modelling Distribution Responses to Climate Change	39
	7 The Case of Mediterranean Forests	40
	8 Concluding Remarks	41
	References	42
	Greenhouse-gas Emissions from Temperate Mountain Forests	48
	1 Introduction	48
	2 Carbon and Nitrogen Pools in Mountain Forests	51
	3 Net Ecosystem CO2 and H2O Exchange in High Elevation Forests	53
	4 Seasonal Dynamics	55
	5 System Dynamics	61
	6 Conclusions	62
	References	63
	Part III Monitoring and Modeling	68
	Estimating Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes in Forests: Linking Models and Data Across Scales	69
	1 Introduction	69
	2 Monitoring Challenges	70
	3 Integrating Multiple Data Sources Across Spatial Scales	76
	4 Integrating Multiple Data Sources Across Time Scales	82
	5 Concluding Remarks and Research Needs	83
	References	84
	Forest Eco-physiological Models and Carbon Sequestration	88
	1 Introduction	88
	2 GOTILWA+ : A Process-Based Model	92
	3 Model Applications	95
	4 The Future of Eco-physiological Models	104
	5 Conclusion	105
	References	106
	Influence of Climatic Variables on Crown Condition in Pine Forests of Northern Spain	108
	1 Introduction	108
	2 Materials and Methods	110
	3 Results	112
	4 Discussion	116
	References	118
	Part IV Economic and Management Impacts	121
	Influence of Carbon Sequestration in an Optimal Set of Coppice Rotations for Eucalyptus Plantations	122
	1 Introduction	122
	2 Materials and Methods	124
	3 Results and Discussion	131
	4 Conclusions	135
	References	135
	Use of Forests and Wood Products to Mitigate Climate Change	139
	1 Introduction	139
	2 Case Studies	141
	3 Discussion	148
	References	150
	Biomass Forest in Sweden and Carbon Emissions Balance	152
	1 Introduction	152
	2 Biomass Production	155
	3 Biomass and the Carbon Emission	157
	4 Conclusions	162
	References	163
	Taper Equations and Wood Products: Assessing the Carbon Flow of the Forest Through Its Products	165
	1 Introduction	165
	2 Estimation of Carbon Stocks	166
	3 Materials and Methods	168
	4 Results and Discussion	171
	5 Conclusions	176
	References	176
	Forest Management Strategies and Carbon Sequestration	178
	1 Introduction	178
	2 Forest Management and Carbon Sequestration During the Last Century	180
	3 Strategies to Improve Carbon Sequestration	182
	4 Conclusions	190
	References	191
	Analysing the Effects of Forest Structure on Carbon Stocks and Timber Production Under Changing Management and Climate	194
	1 Introduction	194
	2 Material and Methods	196
	3 Results	202
	4 Discussion	210
	5 Conclusions	214
	References	214
	Part V Case Studies	218
	Carbon Sequestration in Mediterranean Pine Forests	219
	1 Introduction	219
	2 Carbon Stocks over Time for Two Scots Pine Forests	221
	3 Management Alternatives and CO2 Fixation in Mediterranean Maritime Pine	226
	4 Carbon Sequestration in Even and Uneven Aged Stone Pine Stands	230
	5 Modelling Coarse Woody Debris in Pine Plantations	234
	6 Conclusions	239
	References	240
	Carbon Sequestration of Ponderosa Pine Plantations in Northwestern Patagonia	244
	1 Introduction	244
	2 Geographical Context	245
	3 Forest Lands and Site Quality	247
	4 Baseline	247
	5 Stand Growth, Biomass, and Carbon Estimates	249
	6 Regional Scenarios of Carbon Sequestration	253
	7 Conclusions	260
	References	261
	Assessing Pine Wilt Disease Risk Under a Climate Change Scenario in Northwestern Spain	265
	1 Introduction	265
	2 Material and Methods	267
	3 Results and Discussion	269
	References	277
	Dynamics of Soil Carbon in Primary and Secondary Tropical Forests in Colombia	279
	1 Introduction	279
	2 Materials and Methods	281
	3 Results and Discussion	285
	4 Conclusions	289
	References	290
	Carbon Sequestration Potential of Mangroves in Southeast Asia	293
	1 Introduction	293
	2 Distribution and Abundance	294
	3 Mangrove Forest Destruction	297
	4 Services and Functions Provided by Mangroves	298
	5 Carbon Sequestration in Mangrove Forests	300
	6 Conclusions	306
	References	306
	Silviculture and Carbon Sequestration in Mediterranean Oak Forests	312
	1 Introduction	312
	2 Biomass Production and Carbon Sequestration in Spanish Cork Oak Forests	313
	3 Biomass Production and Carbon Sequestration in Portuguese Cork Oak Forests	319
	4 Carbon Quantification in Pure Quercus pyrenaica Willd. Woodlands in Spain	324
	5 Carbon Quantification in Pure and Mixed Stands in Central Spain	327
	6 Final Remarks	331
	References	332

Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

von: Felipe Bravo, Valerie LeMay, Robert Jandl, Klaus von Gadow

Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

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